Infectious Keratitis in Saudi Arabia: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathogen Patterns, Risk Factors, Complications, and Antimicrobial Resistance

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Optometry Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia.

10.21608/eajbse.2024.393108

Abstract

Infectious keratitis is a severe corneal infection and a leading cause of corneal blindness worldwide. It poses significant public health and economic burdens in both developed and developing countries. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are critical to avoid complications such as corneal scarring, vision loss, or even the complete loss of the eye. This review aims to consolidate available data on infectious keratitis in Saudi Arabia, focusing on its epidemiology, causative organisms, clinical presentation, and predisposing factors. Additionally, the review highlights the increasing concern of antimicrobial resistance, an emerging threat in managing this condition. The review examines recent studies and clinical outcomes, identifying research gaps, particularly in viral and Acanthamoeba keratitis, and the lack of nationwide epidemiological data. Recommendations include enhancing public health education, improving early detection and intervention practices, and monitoring resistance patterns to reduce the impact of infectious keratitis. Addressing these issues is essential to minimise the burden of infectious keratitis, improve patient outcomes, and decrease long-term complications in Saudi Arabia.

Keywords

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
Volume 16, Issue 2
December 2024
Pages 41-53

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