Kawasaki Review: History, Etiology, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology and Treatment

In 1961 the first case of Kawasaki disease which was an acute systemic vasculitis. Since then, the medical community has been continuously publishing papers to enhance our understanding of this disease. Asian countries such as Japan have higher prevalence rates of Kawasaki disease; in 2010, the yearly prevalence rate was 239 points per 100,000 children, and more recently it was 264 points per 100,000 children. The use of supporting laboratory tests and echocardiography is advised in order to identify patients who are susceptible but do not meet all diagnostic requirements. However, clinical findings are diagnostic for typical cases of Kawasaki disease. The most common complication is coronary aneurysm.  An intravenous immunoglobulin as well as aspirin is used for Kawasaki disease treatment, however, if the cases do not improve a second dose of immunoglobulin is recommended. This review amid to present the basic knowledge and background about Kawasaki disease including etiology, diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment, management and control.  
               Overall, Kawasaki disease is still not completely understood, but with the right care and supervision, it is controllable. Prognosis can be greatly improved and associated problems can be decreased with prompt diagnosis and action. More studies and research need to focus on Kawasaki disease management and control.