ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Two Coccidian Parasites and An Unusual Intraerythrocytic Cytoplasmic Vacuolar Inclusion from Agamid Lizard, Trapelus savignii in Egypt
Three types of parasites, two intraerythrocytic and one Isospora species, were recorded to infect lizard Trapelus savignii (Reptilia: Agamidae) collected in summer 2019 from the Eastern Desert in Egypt. The current intraerythrocytic parasites are haemogregarine species and unusual intraerythrocytic cytoplasmic vacuolar inclusions (ICVIs). Blood stages of haemogregarine species are differentiated into three forms; trophozoite, intermediate form, and mature gamont. Trophozoites measure 7.50–8.50 (8.10±0.30) × 2.20–2.40 (2.30±0.06) μm while intermediate forms and mature gamonts measure 7.89–10.39 (9.32±0.85) × 3.9–5.18 (4.32±0.45) and 8.87–12.13 (10.25±0.90) × 2.50–4.35 (3.45± 0.58) μm,respectively. ICVIs are un- or pale-stained with Giemsa and measure 1.62–5.45 (3.64±0.87) × 1.45–5.35 (3.51±1.10) μm. At the ultrastructure level, ICVIs appeared as a membrane-bound electron-lucent matrix and contain three types of materials according to their electron density that may resemble chromatin granules. No nucleus, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, or any apical complex structure is observed within ICVIs. Effects of haemogregarine species and ICVIs on the infected erythrocytes are recorded. Exogenous and endogenous developmental stages of the present Isospora sp. are described. Sporulated oocysts are mostly spherical, contain bilayered wall, and measure 22.48–27.71 (25.47±1.81) × 21.69–26.91 (24.37±1.73). Oocyst residuum, polar granule and micropyle are absent. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal and measure 13.79–15.84 (14.97±0.67) × 8.80–11.03 (9.97±0.70). Stieda body is nipple-like while sub-Stieda body is absent. Multinucleate meronts contain up to 34 nuclei and measure 6.29–19.83 (11.91±4.58) × 5.43–10.76 (7.57±1.75). Developed microgamonts measure 16.59–18.89 (17.74±0.94) × 15.61–18.63 (17.12±1.24) while mature macrogamonts measure 16.34–24.27 (19.95±2.98) × 12.0–20.28 (16.92±3.22).
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_134814_17982f153f5e8ed2c4e46befebe47580.pdf
2021-01-01
1
16
10.21608/eajbse.2021.134814
Coccidia
Haemogregarines
Sauroplasma
Isospora
Agamidae
Reda
Mansour
reda_mansour@science.helwan.edu.eg
1
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study on Some Types of Parasitic Nematodes, Anisakis simplex, Contracaecum multipapllatium and Hysterothylacium aduncum Affecting Fish, Mullus surmuletus in the Beach City of Sirte-Libya.
This study was conducted on 50 samples of fish, Mullus surmuletus collected from the beach of the city of Sirte – Libya during the period from March to May 2019 , and after dissecting the fish samples using special autopsy tools and examining them well "in the laboratory, the examination showed that 22 fish were infected with some types of parasitic nematodes : 5 fishes were infected with a parasite Anisakis simplex that was collected from the intestine, and 11 of these fishes were infected with a parasite Contracaecum multipapllatium , which was collected from and thus is the most widespread parasite in these fish under study. the results also showed that 6 of these fishes were infected with a parasite Hysterothylacium aduncum , which was collected from the stomach and intestines of these fishes.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_175749_65c2dfd80b43332a62d6e839ec0d4800.pdf
2021-05-01
17
21
10.21608/eajbse.2021.175749
Parasitic Nematodes
Anisakis simplex
Contracaecum multipapllatium and Hysterothylacium aduncum
Ahmed.
Almashay
ahmedalifeeda@gmail.com
1
Department of Zoology – Faculty of Science – Sirte University – Sirte – Libya
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Insecticidal Activity of Entomopathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Musca domestica, Chrysomya albiceps and Lucilia sericata against the Mosquito Larvae of Culex pipiens
The present study evaluated the toxicity of different bacterial strains isolated from the outer surface of adult flies associated with carrions at Al – Mansoureya, Giza Governorate, Egypt against Culex pipiens larvae. 11 different bacterial strains were isolated and identified from the adults of Musca domestica, Chrysomya albiceps and Lucilia sericata. Only five strains caused mortality in C. pipiens larvae more than 50 %. The highest larval mortality was caused by the bacterial strains; Klebsiella oxytoca and Staphylococcus sciuri. The results indicated that entomopathogenic bacterial strains could have the potential for the biological control of mosquitoes.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_177955_731b9ec020c2179d7a0cdd129f501117.pdf
2021-05-13
23
28
10.21608/eajbse.2021.177955
entomopathogenic bacteria
Musca domestica
Chrysomya albiceps and Lucilia sericata
Amr
fouda
1
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University.
AUTHOR
M.
Awad
mohamed_awad@azhar.edu.eg
2
Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University.
AUTHOR
M.
Kabadaia
3
Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Larvicidal Activity of Menthe longifolia (Lamiaceae) Different Extracts against Culex pipiens L. and Culex antennatus Becker (Diptera: Culicidae)
Larvicidal activity of Menthe longifolia different extracts against lymphatic filariasis vector, Culex pipiens and Rift Valley Fever vector, C. antennatuswas tested. The extraction was carried out using methanol, acetone, chloroform and petroleum ether solvents. Obtained results revealed that petroleum ether extraction from leaves of M. longifolia was more effective against 3rd instar larvae of C. pipiens and C. antennatus than those of chloroform, acetone and methanol extractions. Methanol, acetone, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts from leaves of M. longifolia recorded LC50 values of 1741.5, 1322.0, 702.4 and 379.5 ppm against C. pipiens third larval instar and 1064.6, 850.3, 459.9 and 250.4 ppm against C. antennatusthird larval instar, respectively. In addition, LC90 values recorded 2282.0, 1897.7, 1300.3 and 511.9 ppm by methanol, acetone, chloroform and petroleum ether extract from leaves of M. longifolia against C. pipiens third larval instar and 1596.5, 1388.6, 979.4 and 388.2 ppm against C. antennatusthird larval instar, respectively. Also, both C. pipiens and C. antennatus larval and pupal periods were prolonged by all tested extracts at all concentrations used as compared with the untreated groups. Menthe longifolia tested extracts are considered as new promising controlling agents against C. pipiens and C. antennatus, however, more studies are necessary to reach the active ingredient in the tested extracts.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_184201_ca6521d0fc5dc69fa0cbbdf83a84d950.pdf
2021-06-03
29
37
10.21608/eajbse.2021.184201
larvicidal
Culex pipiens
Culex antennatus
Menthe longifolia
Sayed
Sayed
1
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Kotb
Hammad
kotb.hammad73@azhar.edu.eg
2
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Shehata
3
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Mokhtar
drmosta80@azhar.edu.eg
4
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Chitosan Prepared from the American Cockroach, (Periplaneta americana)
Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi are developing resistance to the current therapies easily and the presently available antibacterial, antifungal agents and pesticides are certainly very pricey and harmful. So, the necessary shift to use natural antimicrobial extract (Periplaneta americana chitosan) seems to be more effective, economic and safe to the public health. The American cockroach chitosan was dissolved in 1 % acetic acid and diluted to different concentrations then, seeded in 96 well tissue culture plates to evaluate the antibacterial activity by using MTT assay and the microbial growth was calculated by ELISA microplate reader. The American cockroach chitosan showed an equal minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) antibacterial action against two (Gram-positive) bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis, recording MIC = 2000 µg/ml. Also, chitosan showed MIC antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurim (Gram-negative) bacteria recording MIC = 1000 µg/ml, and MIC = 2000 µg/ml respectively. While chitosan showed non-antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Natural chitosan could be considered as a determined factor affecting on the biological activities mentioned in this study.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_186760_c47287a9315a3479de5d32fb486b5b8a.pdf
2021-06-14
39
46
10.21608/eajbse.2021.186760
Antibacterial
Antifungal
Chitosan
American cockroach
Mahmoud
Mahboub
1
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Hassan
mostafa012@gmail.com
2
Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Bream
3
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Aly
Mohamed
4
Research and Development Sector, VACSERA, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Abdel-Samad
5
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt - Al-Azhar Technology Incubator, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Larvicidal Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Against Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae)
The activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using aqueous extracts from leaves of Peganum harmala, Capparis sinaica and Salvia multicaulis against Culex pipiens third larval instar was tested. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope studies (TEM) and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV/VIS) spectroscopy. The TEM images revealed that the major population of the silver nanoparticles is found within the 10 to 22 nm range. Ultraviolet-Visible (UV/VIS) spectrophotometer analysis for synthesized AgNPs showed peaks between λmax: 407-410 corresponding to the plasmon absorbance of the AgNPs. Results of larvicidal activity showed that, biosynthesized AgNPs have a great larvicidal activity against C. pipiens larvae at different concentrations ranging from 8.0 to 55.0 ppm, depending on plant extract used in synthesization and concentration of AgNPs. Complete larval mortality percent (100.0%) was recorded by AgNPs synthesized using aqueous extracts from leaves of P. harmala,Ca. sinaica and S. multicaulis at 20.0, 40.0 and 55.0 ppm, respectively. Based on LC50 and LC90 values, P. harmala-synthesized AgNPs was more effective against 3rd instar larvae of C. pipiens than those of Ca. sinaica and S. multicaulis.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_188311_cd36186e2b1387313f1923076e7d4b95.pdf
2021-06-23
47
56
10.21608/eajbse.2021.188311
larvicidal
Culex pipiens
Peganum harmala
Capparis sinaica
Salvia multicaulis
Mohammed
Saeid
1
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Kotb
Hammad
kotb.hammad73@azhar.edu.eg
2
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Shehata
ahmed.ibrahem84@azhar.edu.eg
3
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Identification of Tick Species on Domesticated Cattle Pakistan
Ticks are ectoparasites of domestic and wild animals all over the world. These are mostly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The current study was conducted to identify tick species found on cattle. Four species (Hyalomma anatolicum, Hy. marginatum, Hy. excavatum and Rhipicephalus sanguineus) belonging to two genera were identified. Hy. anatolicum (38%) was the dominant species followed by Rhipicephalus sanguineus (26%), Hy. excavatum (21%) and Hy. marginatum (15%). The female tick was recorded in abundance on cattle than a male tick. The highest tick infestation was recorded on udder than other body parts. The current study provides basic knowledge about tick species found in the study area.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_191967_2f476a9057becba1a3f23dc1777208fe.pdf
2021-06-26
57
61
10.21608/eajbse.2021.191967
livestock
cattle
Tick
ectoparasites
Hyalomma anatolicum
Pakistan
Muhammad
Ramzan
ramzan.mnsua@gmail.com
1
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Insect Pests and Diseases, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 100193 Beijing, China
AUTHOR
Sana
Iqbal
2
Department of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Irum
Kousar
3
Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Muhammad
Shahid
4
Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Tariq
Hussain
5
Department of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Muhammad
Nadeem
6
Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
AUTHOR
Muhammad
Sajid
7
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Fatima
Iram
8
Department of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biological and Physiological Disturbances of Lucilia silvarum Meigen (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Treated with Certain Insecticides
Background: Lucilia silvarum Meigen,1826 (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is one of the medically important blowflies. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the toxicity of abamectin, deltamethrin and diazinon to eggs, larvae, and adult stages of L. silvarum. Moreover, the disturbances of some biological and physiological aspects were investigated. Materials and methods: Newly hatched eggs, early third instar larvae and one-day-old adult flies of L. silvarum were exposed to different concentrations of the selected insecticides. To follow some biological aspects of the tested concentration survivors such as egg hatchability, larval mortality, pupation %, adult emergence % and sex ratio were studied. Spectrophotometric estimation of total proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and certain enzymes activity were determined in the 3rd larval instar that survived the tested concentrations. Results:The results showed that abamectin provoked the highest toxicity value against the third larval instar, while deltamethrin elicited the most toxic effect against egg and adult stages. The mortality of eggs, larvae and adults increased with the increase of concentration. High significant larval and adult mortalities were observed after 48 h treatment. The percentage of pupation is reduced after treatment of the third larval instar with the three selected insecticides. A high significant reduction in the mean number of emerged males was observed after treatments with all concentrations of the three tested insecticides. The treatment with different concentrations of the investigated insecticides leads to physiological disturbances in total protein, carbohydrates and lipid contents of the treatment survived larvae. Moreover, the change in enzyme activities as MFOs, AChE, ALP, ACP, GST, α and β-estreases following insecticides application were measured. Conclusion: The three tested insecticides induced some biological and physiological disturbancesin the life of survived insect pests which may be considered as control agents against the myiasis producing fly L. silvarum
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_195132_a4a6589744368e679abd2a1728364921.pdf
2021-06-28
63
83
10.21608/eajbse.2021.195132
biological
physiological
disturbances
Lucilia silvarum
Insecticides
Abamectin
Deltamethrin
Diazinon
Karima,
Khater
k.shoukry@zu.edu.eg
1
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Elsobki
2
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Ramadan
3
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Gamila
Selem
4
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
AUTHOR