eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
2090-0783
2090-0856
2018-12-01
10
2
1
13
10.21608/eajbse.2018.22719
22719
Original Article
Detection of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Based on ITS1 Gene by PCR-RFLP Technique
Hekmat i Al-Fahdawi
hekmat22a@gmail.com
1
Sarab Al-Ani
2
Thamir Al-Kubaisi
3
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Anbar
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Anbar
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Anbar, Iraq
Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease transmitted by biting of the sandfly, it is a severe health problem in many countries and endemic in most regions of Iraq.
Objectives: This study was conducted to find the best method for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis, detect the genotypes of Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major in Ramadi (Iraq) by PCR-RFLP technique.
Materials &methods: One hundred twenty-two patients 68 were males while the females gender were 54 with age ranged 1-68 years, CL who attended to Department of Dermatology in Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital and dermatology Private clinics, during the period between November 2017 to April 2018. The Molecular study was carried out to detect the ITS1 gene by (PCR). The restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was adopted on ITS1-PCR product and after HaeIII digestion at 37Cº for 2 hours.
Results: Laboratory examination of 122 cases showed 62 infection cases in Cutaneous leishmaniasis by using PCR technique and in infection proportion reaches at 51% out of the total number of the cutaneous cases which are similar to leishmaniasis during the months of the study. The demographic study dealt with age, gender, number of lesions and body site of infection, demonstrated that the majority of patients at the age of 1-10 years with percent 28.7%. Also Males (55.7%) had higher infection than females (44.3%), upper limbs had the highest percentage (48%) when compared with other sites of infection, single lesion was documented in 55% of patients, while two lesions were observed in 25% and multiple (3-10) lesions were observed in 20%. Different techniques were used for diagnosis of CL including routine method performed by direct microscopic smear from lesion which showed amastigotes in the macrophage in 50 (41%) positive case. The Molecular study was carried out to detect the ITS1 gene (internal transcribed spacer1) by (PCR). DNA extracted from 122 samples showed 62 (51%) were positive for (ITS1)gene, The restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was adopted on ITS1-PCR product and after HaeIII digestion at 37Cº for 2 hours obtained two fragments of 60 and 200 bp 42 as L.tropica, and two fragments of 140 and 210 bp were identified 20 as L.major, genotype techniques were performed for all positive samples.
Conclusion: CL is highly spread with single lesions more than multiple lesions and molecular detection showed that L.tropica more common than L.major.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_22719_82ba6d147cc5946e1b1b77001caded33.pdf
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
(CL)
ITS1
Gene
PCR-RFLP
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
2090-0783
2090-0856
2018-12-01
10
2
15
29
10.21608/eajbse.2018.24311
24311
Original Article
Gastrointestinal Parasites of Sarotherodon melanotheron(Ruppel, 1852) Histopathological Alterations and Organochlorine Pesticides Pollution from Lagos, Lagoon, Nigeria.
Akinsanya Bamidele
bamidele992@gmail.com
1
Kufo Abiodun
2
Ukwa David
3
Saliu Kayode
4
Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
This study investigates the prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasites and determines the combined impact of organochlorine pesticides and parasites on the total health of the fish in Lagos lagoon. Twelve congeners of organochloride pesticides (OCPs) were analyzed in water, sediment, fish and parasites using mass chromatograph coupled with an electron detector. The prevalence of intestinal helminth infection in Sarotheron melanotheron was 20.83%. Twenty-five individuals were infected with parasitic cestode Wenyonia sp (20.83%, Chi-Square, X² = 11.2, p<0.05), out of which 18 (15.00%) were males and 7 (5.83%) were females. The intestinal parasites found in S.melanotheron were cestode; Wenyonia sp, protozoa; Myxobolus sp. Coccidian spores, Myxosoma sp, and Hexamita sp. Five congeners were detected in the water, sediment, fish and parasites. Some protozoa parasites of Sarotherodon melanotheron have shown qualities of bioindicators from the study. Myxosoma sp showed positive correlation (r = 0.315, p<0.05) with DDT and heptachlor (r = 0.301, p<0.05) but its correlation coefficient was not significant for endosulfan 1, aldrin and total OCPs. None of the intestinal helminth parasite infection correlates significantly with any of the OCPs congeners in the lagoon. Iddo station had the highest parasite prevalence and concentrations of DDT, Aldrin, Dieldrin, and Heptachlor in the water and sediment and the highest GAI, showing high frequencies of several inflammations, and tissue necrosis as a result of greater multi-stress pressure.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_24311_44105de4ff790dd734b0cb017538c66c.pdf
protozoa
helminths
organochlorine
Gut Alteration Index
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
2090-0783
2090-0856
2018-12-01
10
2
31
38
10.21608/eajbse.2018.24312
24312
Original Article
Larvicidal Activity of Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) and Origanum majorana (Lamiaceae) Essential Oils against the Sand Fly Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae)
Maha Ahmed
1
Hala Kassem
2
Amina Faragallah
3
Adel Fahmy
4
Janette Georgi
5
Bahira El Sawaf
6
Department of Zoology, Women's College for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Institute of Environmental Studies and Research, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Zoology, Women's College for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Zoology, Women's College for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
The essential oils of Eucalyptus globulus and Origanum majorana were evaluated for their larvicidal activity against third instar larvae of the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasi. E. globulus oil showed lethal concentration, LC50, of 677 mg/ml whereas the LC50 value for O. majorana was 91 mg/ml. Larvae treated with both oils showed surface shrinkage, spinous cells proliferation, bleb formation, abdominal distortion of microtrichia and partial or complete closure of spiracles in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). At 48 h post treatment, both oils induced severe structural changes in the gut cells, brush border and degeneration of the peritrophic matrix. Origanum majorana essential oil was more potent than E. globulus against third instar larvae of P. papatasi based on its lower LC50 value. Taking all data into account, essential oils of E. glolbulus and O. majorana could be considered as a viable option for the development of eco-friendly house hold product against sand flies.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_24312_da182b3ef06b44b8c258006427bf2464.pdf
Phlebotomus papatasi
Scanning Electron Microscopy
histopathology
Essential oils
Eucalyptus globulus
Origanum majorana
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
2090-0783
2090-0856
2018-12-01
10
2
39
48
10.21608/eajbse.2018.24313
24313
Original Article
Apolocystis nephredii (Apicomplexa: Monocystinae) A New Aseptate Gregarine Species from Nephredia of Limnodrilus sp. (Annelida: Oligochaeta) from Egypt
Medhat Ali
medhat_s1@yahoo.com
1
Nadia Ramadan
2
Samia Fawzy
3
Ahmed Nigm
4
Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, PO box 344, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, PO box 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, PO box 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, PO box 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
An aseptate gregarine, Apolocystis nephredii, sp. nov. was described as a new species from the nephredia of earthworm, Limnodrilus sp. Life cycle stages of the parasite are present inside the nephredia. Trophozoites are pear, kidney or oval in shape ranging between 81 and 124 µm long and between 75 and 85 µm broad, with an average of 92.7 (±24) x 79 (±3.7) µm. Gametocysts are ellipsoidal and range between 200 and 209 µm long and between 112 and 132 µm broad, with an average of 205.9 (±3.8) x 125 (±4) µm. Sporocysts are navicular with round ends and measure 17 -19.2 x 8.1 - 9 µm, with an average of 18.5 (±0.6) x 8.5 (±0.2) µm
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_24313_0c9c0d55f616b73f015d43495460fd9f.pdf
Gregarine
Limnodrilus
Nephredia
Apolocystis
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
2090-0783
2090-0856
2018-12-01
10
2
49
62
10.21608/eajbse.2018.26509
26509
Original Article
The Effect of Disclosure Method on Coherence and Collective Efficacy of Basketball Player Girls.
Fereshteh Safaei
1
Afsaneh Sanatkaran
sanatkaran@kiau.ac.ir
2
Jaleh bagherly
3
Department of Sport Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran;
Department of Physical Education and Sport sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran;
Department of Physical Education and Sport sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran;
The present study's aim was investigating the effect of disclosure method on coherence and collective efficacy of basketball player girls. For this purpose, 12 members of Gilan teenager player team in the age range of 14 to 18 were investigated this research is a semi-experimental type and is performed using a pre-test posttest plan. The researcher, after coordinated action with the intended team, initially held a meeting with the coach and the team caption. This meeting was held for better justification of the research purpose and being familiar with psychological team needs and its current situation. The player, according to a predetermined plan passed group sessions, these sessions with the coach presence. After the meeting, the results were recorded by players using Martins collective efficacy and group environment questionnaire (GEQ). The results showed coherence promotion among players specially after the coach presence in the group meeting. And also the results of collective efficacy questionnaire showed preparation or readiness subscale promotion in between players.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_26509_ed15692e0e55f03252c71ac5dde4adf1.pdf
self-disclosure
Coherence
collective efficacy
Basketball
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
2090-0783
2090-0856
2018-12-01
10
2
63
69
10.21608/eajbse.2018.26510
26510
Original Article
The Qualitative Bioassay of vitamins C and B12 antioxidants by Plant bionanosensor
Faramarz Moradi
moradifff@gmail.com
1
Hossein Arouiee
2
Seyyed Neamati
3
Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
If the micro-organisms, tissues, cells, enzymes, DNA, or peptide used to identify the target, the process is known as a biosensor. HPLC and UV radiation are used for Vitamins measurement which is time-consuming and expensive. So, biosensors can remove the restrictions. In this study, for the first time, the amount of water-soluble vitamins by plant bionanosensor that is a new approach was became to a visible rotation, and its amount can be detected through this rotation. For the detection of vitamin B12 and vitamin C antioxidants in the form of injection ampoules, the rotational effect of them was analyzed by plant bionanosensor in a completely randomized design with three replications by sas9.1 software. 10.5It was determined that plant bionanosensor capability of detecting vitamin B12 and vitamin C through the rotation is likely to be 99%. Plant bionanosensor converts the existence of these two types of vitamins to a meaningful rotation, so its rotation is a criterion for measuring.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_26510_ee54b0c2232db3183d9a71843646a10f.pdf
Plant bionanosensor
antioxidant detection
vitamin B12 and vitamin C
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
2090-0783
2090-0856
2018-12-01
10
2
71
77
10.21608/eajbse.2018.26511
26511
Original Article
Bioassay of Flavonoids Crataegus oxyacantha with Plant Bionanosensor
Faramarz Moradi
moradifff@gmail.com
1
Hossein Arouiee
2
Seyyed Neamati
3
Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Micro-organisms, tissues, cells, organelles, enzymes, peptides and DNA are used to identify the target substance called as a specific or non-specific biosensor. A bioassay is a biological testing procedure for estimating the concentration of a substance in a formulated product or bulk material. Due to the importance of flavonoids as antioxidants and expensive and time-consuming methods, bioassay of flavonoids via biosensor is growing. Plant bionanosensor is a new approach and a certain type of biosensor that converts the concentration of flavonoids into visible rotation and flavonoids are detected by different rotations of concentration. The rotations of Ccrataegus oxyacantha (Hawthorn) extract (flavonoids) with plant bionanosensor were analyzed in a completely randomized design with three replications by sas9.1 software. The different levels of flavonoid rotation are significant with a probability of 99%. So far, no report was made on plant biosensor.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_26511_2d5cf80974c65bf9855b793bc7079a4a.pdf
Plant bionanosensor
Bioassay
Crataegus oxyacantha extract
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
2090-0783
2090-0856
2018-12-01
10
2
79
84
10.21608/eajbse.2018.36506
36506
Original Article
Public Health and Medically Important Non-Biting Flies in Hail, Saudi Arabia
Omar Amer
1
Mohammed Zeariya
zearia_2010@yahoo.com
2
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Hail University, Hail, Saudi Arabia
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science (Boys), AL-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
The present study was carried out to isolate pathogenic parasites from many non-biting flies, which collected from three sites; restaurants, farms, and abattoir in Hail province, located 5 Km from Hail city, Saudi Arabia. A total of 4 species and 305 non-biting flies were collected and identified as 275 Musca domestica L. (90.2%), 4 Syrphus corollae (1.3%), 16 Chrysomya albiceps (5.2%), 10 Fannia canicularis (3.3%). These flies were examined for isolation of human parasites; the eggs and larvae of the following helminths; 8 Ascaris lumbricoidis (36.4%), 4 Trichuris trichiura (18.1%), 2 Taenia sp.(9.1%), 6 Enterobius vermicularis (27.3%), and 2 Strongyloides stercoralis (9.1%), and the cyst and oocyst of the following protozoa; 14 Entamoeba histolytica (29.8%), 11 Entamoeba coli (23.4%), 6 Giardia lamblia (12.8%), 12 Cryptosporidium sp. (25.5%), and 4 Toxoplasma gondii (8.5%) were isolated from the body surface and gut contents of flies. The isolation of ten human intestinal parasites from the body surface and gut of these non-biting flies indicated that they are mechanical vectors of food-borne diseases and threaten public health.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_36506_fddf5d8fac547e2909f7ca8310574364.pdf
public health
Non-biting flies
Parasites
Gut
hail
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
2090-0783
2090-0856
2018-12-01
10
2
85
102
10.21608/eajbse.2018.38565
38565
Original Article
Entomofauna Associated with Certain Animal Carcasses as A human Model in Cairo, Egypt
Mohammed Zeariya
zearia_2010@yahoo.com
1
Kotb Hammad
2
Mohamad Kabadaia
3
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science (Boys), AL-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
The current study was carried out to investigate the forensic insects associated with two animal carcasses namely; dog (Canis lupus familiaris)and rabbit (Lepus cuniculus) during the summer season. A total of 687 adult insect specimens representing 9 families were collected from dog carcass placed outdoor, while 342 adult insect specimens representing 8 families were collected from dog carcass placed indoor. Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera comprised 57 %, 36 % and 7 % of insects collected from dog carcasses placed outdoor and 59 %, 37 % and 4 % of insects placed indoor. A total of 274 adult insect specimens representing 8 families were collected from rabbit carcass placed outdoor, while 68 adult insect specimens representing 5 families were collected from rabbit carcass placed indoor. Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera comprised 70 %, 19 %, 11 % and 46 %, 38 %, 16 % of the insect collected from rabbit placed outdoor and indoor, respectively. The insect succession on dog and rabbit carcasses throughout the decompositional stages showed that the Calliphorid fly, Chrysomya albiceps was the first fly attracted to the early stages of decomposition. In general, it has appeared that the diversity and numbers of forensic insects which colonize dog or rabbit carcasses were increased outdoor and decreased indoor. Moreover, forensic insects were higher in numbers on dog carcasses than on rabbit carcasses.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_38565_4b3532f38e4529ff405987c0ccacd308.pdf
carcass
decomposition patterns
different habitats
Canis lupus familiaris
Lepus cuniculus
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
2090-0783
2090-0856
2018-12-01
10
2
103
111
10.21608/eajbse.2018.65867
65867
Original Article
Detection of Malathion in Different Stages of Chrysomaya megacephala and Its Implications for Forensic Entomology
Reda Bakr
redabakr55@gmail.com
1
Rawhia Ramadan
2
Samah Hussien
3
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Egypt
Theodore Bilharz Research Institute - El Warraq - Giza
This study investigated the potential effects of Malathion in rabbit carcasses on the developmental of Chrysomya megacephala larvea, an important forensic species, and their possible implications for the calculate the postmortm interval ( PMI) .Three domestic rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus were used in each experiment. Two rabbits were administered orally with 513 mg/kg (R1), 1026 mg/kg (R2) of Malathion, The third one was fed with distilled water (R0).Chrysomya megacephala larvae were allowed to grow on the liver (L), muscles (M) and all carcasses of rabbit. Malathion was detected in all collected rabbit tissues that received different dosages of Malathion (R1 and R2) but not detected in any of the controls (R0).The highest Malathion concentration was detected in lungs followed by muscle tissue and fats of R2(35.7 mg/kg, 29.75 mg/kg, and 22.31mg/kg, respectively). All third larval instars and pupae of C. megacephala were positive for malathion (R1 and R2), while malathion was not detected in all samples from the control colony (R0). Strong correlations were found between administered dosage and tissue concentrations. Malathion concentrations were higher in the third larval instars sampled for the concentration (R2) than those from muscle tissues of (R2) which followed by those from L2 colonies. Detected Malathion concentrations in the third larval instars and pupae of C. megacephala were significantly lower than those detected in the rabbit tissues except fats and heart from postmortem interval rabbit tissues treated with (R1). Moreover, the highest levels of Malathion were noticed in the pupae emerged from (R2) colony. Whereas, the lowest levels were detected in the pupae emerged from M1 colony.
https://eajbse.journals.ekb.eg/article_65867_d2769f8333fc596ce6488b39599be153.pdf
malathion
Chrysomya megacephala
rabbit carasses
Forensic entomology